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Jordi Serangeli, Nicholas J. Conard

The ongoing Lower Paleolithic excavations in Schöningen

Since the middle of the 1990s the excavations in Schöningen have shaped how we view the lifeways of

hominins in northern Europe during the Middle Pleistocene.

Current excavations focus on an area of Schöningen 13 II 4, which corresponds to an extention of the fa-

mous nd horizon with the eight wooden spears and two dozen butchered horses. The new excavations

document that archaeological nds are present along 120 m of the shoreline of a 300.000 year old lake.

Analysis of the sediments as well as the spectacular preservation of remains of ora, mammalian fauna,

molluscs and insects help to contextualize the setting in which human activities took place in Schöningen.

✉ Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Eberhardt Karls Universität Tübingen, Burgsteige 11, 72070 Tübingen,

Germany

Ulrich Simon

New Evidence of Painting in the Gravettian of Central Europe

In 1924, Abbé Henri Breuil published a painted fragment of a mammoth scapula from the Moravian site of

Předmostí (Breuil 1924, 538-539). Due to the fact that the piece got lost, this artwork is almost unknown

nowadays. Nevertheless, it was the only evidence of painting in the Gravettian of Central Europe. Recently

a comparable object was discovered at the Krems-Wachtberg site in Eastern Austria (1). The ivory fragment

is approximately 20 centimeter long and decorated with 11 parallel cross stripes of red color. After its con-

servation and analysis rst results are available (2). An investigation of the red stripes applying micro x-ray

uorescence and Raman spectroscopy revealed that hematite was the used pigment.

The new artifact conrms the existence of painting in the Gravettian of Central Europe. Furthermore it

supports a Pavlovien attribution of the Krems-Wachtberg site, which was recently argued by M. Händel,

U. Simon, T. Einwögerer and C. Neugebauer-Maresch (2009, 194-195).

1) Excavations by the Prehistoric Commission of the Austrian Academy of Sciences supported by the

Austrian Science Fund and the State of Lower Austria.

2) Laboratories of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum and the Johannes Gutenberg University

Mayence

References:

Breuil, H. 1924: Notes du voyage paléolithique en Europe centrale, II, les industries paléolithiques du loess

du Moravie et Bohème. L’Anthropologie 34, 515-551.

Händel, M., Simon, U., Einwögerer, T., Neugebauer-Maresch, C. 2009: New excavations at Krems-Wachtberg

– approaching a well-preserved Gravettian settlement site in the middle Danube region. Quartär 56,

187-196.

✉ Austrian Academy of Sciences, Prehistoric Commission, Fleischmarkt 22, A-1010 Vienna, Austria;

ulrich.simon@oeaw.ac.at

Geoff M Smith

Static data and active agents: Palaeolithic landscape use and meat procurement behaviour in Brit-

ain and north-west Europe.

This paper builds on the results of recent PhD work into landscape use by early hominins in Britain and

Northwestern Europe. Primary zooarchaeological data from four key British Palaeolithic sites (Boxgrove

[MIS13], Swanscombe [MIS11], Hoxne [MIS 11] and Lynford [MIS3]) was collected to assess the impor-

tance and intensity of human behaviour at each site. The assertion that faunal accumulation was a direct

result of human meat-procurement behaviour is tested and aims to act as a check and balances in our ap-

proaches and interpretations of past hominin behaviour and land use.

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