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during the Later Pleistocene. This is in large part because the HP preserves evidence for innovative tech-

nologies (including nely made bone points and geometric backed tools) and for symbolically mediated

behavior (engraved ostrich eggshell). The HP is also of interest because the disappearance of the innovative

behaviors associated with this phase is not well understood; proposed explanations are varied and include

environmental change or large-scale changes in mobility and/or social networks. Despite the attention the

HP has received in the literature, we still know remarkably little about subsistence behavior during this pe-

riod. Here, I present data on the complete HP faunal assemblage excavated to date at Sibudu Cave (KwaZu-

lu-Natal, South Africa). There are marked changes in the fauna over the course of the HP, the most notable

being a steady decline in the representation of small ungulates. I will discuss potential reasons for this vari-

ation, which may linked to changes in the local environment and/or variation in hunting weaponry. I will

close by addressing the hypothesis that traps or snares may have been utilized during this period; while the

use of remote capture technologies cannot be absolutely ruled out, solid evidence for the use of such tech-

nologies remains absent.

✉ Institut für Naturwissenschaftliche Archäologie, Universität Tübingen, Germany

Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, USA

Institute for Human Evolution, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, [email protected]

Amy E Clark, Laurence Bourguignon

Intrasite Spatial Organization in the Middle Paleolithic: Methodology and Preliminary Results

While stratigraphic studies of Middle Paleolithic sites can render important information about aggregate

behavior and its change over time, the study of organization of space within one archaeological layer can

provide another type of data, rendered on a shorter time scale. It can be used to identify activities performed

at the site, how they were organized in space, and even, to address more elusive questions concerning group

size and number of occupations. This study uses data from a number of French Middle Paleolithic sites

excavated by INRAP (Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives), ranging from La Doline

de Cantalouette II, a raw material workshop, to La Folie, a short term camp site. The study utilizes both

spatial patterning of lithic debitage and retting of knapping events to construct a methodology to analyze

spatial organization both within and between sites.

Nicholas J. Conard, Maria Malina

New examples of Paleolithic paintings from Hohle Fels Cave in southwestern Germany

In comparison with the rich record of Paleolithic paintings from western Europe, research in Germany has

produced remarkably little evidence for paintings from the Ice Age. Over the years, however, excavations at

Hohle Fels Cave in the Ach Valley near Schelklingen have occasionally yielded examples of painted rocks.

In 2009 and 2010 the excavation team from the University of Tübingen recovered additional examples of

painted rocks from Magdalenian deposits at the site. As in the past, the most common motifs depicted are

multiple, double rows of red dots. These small painted rocks with rows of red dots are invariably examples

of mobile art. Here we also present an example of a painted rock that may be a fragment from a painted

wall of the cave. Additionally, we discuss examples of ochre found at Hohle Fels that provide insights into

the manufacture and use of pigments at the site. Finally, we discuss how the new nds from Hohle Fels t

into the broader context of European Paleolithic art.

✉ Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters, Abteilung Ältere Urgeschichte und Quartäröko-

logie, Schloss Hohentübingen, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany

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